We propose covert beamforming design frameworks for integrated radar sensing and communication (IRSC) systems, where the radar can covertly communicate with legitimate users under the cover of the probing waveforms without being detected by the eavesdropper. Specifically, by jointly designing the target detection beamformer and communication beamformer, we aim to maximize the radar detection mutual information (MI) (or the communication rate) subject to the covert constraint, the communication rate constraint (or the radar detection MI constraint), and the total power constraint. For the perfect eavesdropper's channel state information (CSI) scenario, we transform the covert beamforming design problems into a series of convex subproblems, by exploiting semidefinite relaxation, which can be solved via the bisection search method. Considering the high complexity of iterative optimization, we further propose a single-iterative covert beamformer design scheme based on the zero-forcing criterion. For the imperfect eavesdropper's CSI scenario, we develop a relaxation and restriction method to tackle the robust covert beamforming design problems. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed covert beamforming schemes for perfect and imperfect CSI scenarios.

翻译：我们提议为综合雷达和通信系统(IRSC)建立隐形光束设计框架,雷达可以在探测波形的封面下与合法用户进行隐蔽通信,而不会被窃听器探测到。具体地说,通过联合设计目标探测光束和通信光束,我们的目标是尽量扩大雷达探测相互信息(MI)(或通信速率),但需受隐蔽限制、通信率限制(或雷达探测光度限制)和总功率限制。对于完美的窃听器频道状态信息(CSI)设想,我们通过利用半确定性放松,将隐蔽成形设计问题转化为一系列相近的子问题。考虑到迭接优化的高度复杂性,我们进一步提议以零强制标准为基础采用单一表示性隐蔽设计计划。对于不完善的 Eavesdroper 频道状态信息(CSI) 设想,我们开发了一种宽松和限制方法,以便解决准确的隐形系统设计方案的有效性问题。