Information technology is in the midst of a revolution in which omnipresent data collection and machine learning are impacting the human world as never before. The word ``intelligence'' is being used as a North Star for the development of this technology, with human cognition viewed as a baseline. This view neglects the fact that humans are social animals and that much of our intelligence is social and cultural in origin. Moreover, failing to properly situate aspects of intelligence at the social level contributes to the treatment of the societal consequences of technology as an afterthought. The path forward is not merely more data and compute, and not merely more attention paid to cognitive or symbolic representations, but a thorough blending of economic and social concepts with computational and inferential concepts at the level of algorithm design.
翻译:信息技术正处于一场革命之中,无所不在的数据收集和机器学习正以前所未有的方式影响着人类社会。“智能”一词被用作该技术发展的北极星,而人类认知则被视为基准。这种观点忽略了人类是社会性动物的事实,我们的智能很大程度上源于社会和文化。此外,未能将智能的各个方面恰当地置于社会层面,导致技术的社会后果往往被当作事后考量。未来的道路不仅在于更多的数据和计算能力,也不仅在于对认知或符号表征的更多关注,而在于算法设计层面上将经济和社会概念与计算及推理概念深度融合。