Favorable propagation (FP) for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with uniform and non-uniform linear arrays is considered. A gap in the existing FP studies of uniform linear arrays is identified, which is related to the existence of grating lobes in the array pattern and which results in the FP condition being violated, even under distinct angles of arrival. A novel analysis and design of \textit{non-uniform} linear arrays are proposed to cancel grating lobes and to restore favorable propagation for \textit{all} distinct angles of arrival. This design is consistent with the popular hybrid beamforming paradigm and extends to multipath channels and arrays of directional elements.

翻译：对具有统一和非统一线性线性阵列的大型多投入多输出(MIIMO)系统进行有利的传播(FP)时,将考虑到对统一线性阵列的现有FP研究中存在的差距,这种差距与阵列模式中存在球状球状有关,导致即使在到达的不同角度下,FP条件也受到侵犯。提议对\ textit{non-uniform}线性阵列进行新颖的分析和设计,以取消圆形格格,恢复对到达不同角度的有利的传播。这一设计与流行的混合波形模式一致,并扩大到方向元素的多途径和阵列。