The realization of open-source-defined wireless networks in the telecommunication domain is accomplished through the fifth-generation network (5G). In contrast to its predecessors (3G and 4G), the 5G network can support a wide variety of heterogeneous use cases with challenging requirements from both the Internet and the Internet of Things (IoT). The future sixth-generation (6G) network will not only extend 5G capabilities but also innovate new functionalities to address emerging academic and engineering challenges. The research community has identified these challenges could be overcome by open-source-defined wireless networks, which is based on open-source software and hardware. In this survey, we present an overview of different aspects of open-source-defined wireless networks, comprising motivation, frameworks, key technologies, and implementation. We start by introducing the motivation and explore several frameworks with classification into three different categories: black-box, grey-box, and white-box. We review research efforts related to open-source-defined Core Network (CN), Radio Access Network (RAN), Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC), the capabilities of security threats, open-source hardware, and various implementations, including testbeds. The last but most important in this survey, lessons learned, future research direction, open research issues, pitfalls, and limitations of existing surveys on open-source wireless networks are included to motivate and encourage future research.

翻译：在电信领域,通过第五代网络(5G)实现了开放源码的无线网络(5G)。与其前身(3G和4G)相比,5G网络可以支持各种各样的不同使用案例,这些案例具有因特网和物联网(IoT)的具有挑战性的要求。未来的第六代(6G)网络不仅将扩大5G的能力,而且还将创造新的功能,以应对新出现的学术和工程挑战。研究界已经查明这些挑战可以通过以开放源码软件和硬件为基础的开放源码的无线网络(MEC)克服。在本调查中,我们概述了由开放源码定义的无线网络的不同方面,包括动机、框架、关键技术和实施。我们从引进动机开始,探讨若干框架,将其分为三个不同类别:黑盒、灰盒和白箱。我们审查了与开放源码核心网络(CN)、无线电接入网络(RAN)、多接入电子计算(MEC)、安全威胁能力、开放源码硬件和各种实施(包括测试台)有关的研究工作。我们首先从引进了动机,然后又从未来研究中汲取了最重要的教训。