The Internet of Bio-nano Things is a significant development for next generation communication technologies. Because conventional wireless communication technologies face challenges in realizing new applications (e.g., in-body area networks for health monitoring) and necessitate the substitution of information carriers, researchers have shifted their interest to molecular communications (MC). Although remarkable progress has been made in this field over the last decade, advances have been far from acceptable for the achievement of its application objectives. A crucial problem of MC is the low data rate and high error rate inherent in particle dynamics specifications, in contrast to wave-based conventional communications. Therefore, it is important to investigate the resources by which MC can obtain additional information paths and provide strategies to exploit these resources. This study aims to examine techniques involving resource aggregation and exploitation to provide prospective directions for future progress in MC. In particular, we focus on state-of-the-art studies on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We discuss the possible advantages of applying MIMO to various MC system models. Furthermore, we survey various studies that aimed to achieve MIMO gains for the respective models, from theoretical background to prototypes. Finally, we conclude this study by summarizing the challenges that need to be addressed.

翻译：由于传统无线通信技术在实现新应用(如用于健康监测的机体地区网络)方面面临挑战,并需要替换信息载体,研究人员已将兴趣转移到分子通信(MC)上,尽管过去十年来在这一领域取得了显著进展,但在实现应用目标方面还远未取得可接受进展。监测中心的一个关键问题是粒子动态规格中固有的数据率低和误差率高,而与波状常规通信不同。因此,必须调查监测中心获得更多信息路径和提供利用这些资源的战略的资源。这项研究的目的是审查资源汇总和利用技术,为监测中心今后的进展提供未来方向。我们尤其侧重于多投入多产出(MIIMO)系统的最新研究。我们讨论了将MIMO应用于各种监测系统模型可能具有的优势。此外,我们调查了各种研究,目的是从理论背景到原型各模型,实现MIMO对各模型的收益。最后,我们总结了这项研究的挑战,总结了如何应对挑战。