The paper delineates a proper statistical setting for defining the sampling design for a small area estimation problem. This problem is often treated only via indirect estimation using the values of the variable of interest also from different areas or different times, thus increasing the sample size. However, let us suppose the domain indicator variables are available for each unit in the population. In that case, we can define a sampling design that fixes the small-area samples sizes, thereby significantly increasing the accuracy of the small area estimates. We can apply this sampling strategy to business surveys, where the domain indicator variables are available in the business register and even household surveys, where we can have the domain indicator variables for the geographical domains.

翻译：本文为界定小地区估计问题的抽样设计划定了适当的统计环境,这个问题往往只能通过间接估计来处理,利用不同地区或不同时间的利益变数的数值进行间接估计,从而增加抽样规模;然而,让我们假设每个人口单位都有域指标变量;在这种情况下,我们可以确定一个抽样设计,确定小地区样品大小,从而大大提高小地区估计数的准确性;我们可以将这种抽样战略应用于商业调查,因为商业登记册甚至住户调查中都有域指标变量,我们可以在商业调查中找到地理区域的域指标变量。</s>