Comparison of programming languages is a common topic of discussion among software engineers. Few languages ever become sufficiently popular that they are used by more than a few people or find their niche in research or education; but professional programmers can easily use dozens of different languages during their career. Multiple programming languages are designed, specified, and implemented every year in order to keep up with the changing programming paradigms, hardware evolution, etc. In this paper we present a comparative study between ten programming languages: Haskell, Java, Perl, C++, AspectJ, COBOL, Ruby, PHP, Bash Scripts, and Scheme; with respect of the following criteria: Secure programming practices, web applications development, web services design and composition, object oriented-based abstraction, reflection, aspect-orientation, functional programming, declarative programming, batch scripting, and user interface prototype design.

翻译：比较编程语言是软件工程师们讨论的一个常见主题。很少有语言变得足够受欢迎,以至于他们被少数人使用,或者在研究或教育中找到自己的专长;但专业编程员在其职业生涯中很容易地使用几十种不同的语言。每年设计、指定和实施多种编程语言,以便跟上不断变化的编程范式、硬件演变等。在本文件中,我们介绍了十种编程语言之间的比较研究:Haskell、Java、Perl、C++、AspectJ、COBOL、Ruby、PHP、Bash Scripts;关于下列标准:安全编程做法、网络应用程序开发、网络服务设计和组成、目标导向抽象、思考、方方面面导向、功能编程、宣言性编程、分批编程和用户界面原型设计。