While Time Division Duplexing (TDD) 5G New Radio (NR) networks offers higher downlink throughput due to the utilization of the middle frequency band, the uplink performance is negatively impacted due to higher path loss associated with higher frequencies, which degrade the users QoE in less optimal conditions. With the growing demand for high performance uplink throughput from novel applications such as Metaverse, Internet of Things (IoTs) and Smart City, 3GPP introduced High Power User Equipment (HPUE) on 5G TDD bands, allowing UEs to utilize more than 23 dBm of power for transmission to improve throughput, QoE, and reliability, especially at the cell edges. In this paper, the performance of HPUE is evaluated in the urban area on a commercial 5G network in terms of Uplink Throughput, Modulation Efficiency, Re-transmission Rate (ReTx Rate), and Power Consumption in both Standalone (SA) and Non-Standalone (NSA) modes. Through modem firmware modification, the performance is also compared across different power classes and antenna configurations.

翻译：尽管时分双工（TDD）5G新空口（NR）网络通过利用中频段实现了更高的下行链路吞吐量，但由于高频段带来的更高路径损耗，上行链路性能受到负面影响，从而在非理想条件下降低了用户体验质量（QoE）。随着元宇宙、物联网（IoT）和智慧城市等新兴应用对高性能上行链路吞吐量的需求日益增长，3GPP在5G TDD频段引入了高功率用户设备（HPUE），允许用户设备使用超过23 dBm的功率进行传输，以提高吞吐量、QoE和可靠性，特别是在小区边缘区域。本文在城市区域的商用5G网络中，从上行链路吞吐量、调制效率、重传率（ReTx Rate）和功耗等方面，评估了HPUE在独立组网（SA）和非独立组网（NSA）模式下的性能。通过调制解调器固件修改，还比较了不同功率等级和天线配置下的性能表现。