The subject of this research is the development of an intelligent, integrated framework for the automated inspection of photovoltaic (PV) infrastructure that addresses the critical shortcomings of conventional methods, including thermal palette bias, data redundancy, and high communication bandwidth requirements. The goal of this study is to design, develop, and validate a comprehensive, multi-modal system that fully automates the monitoring workflow, from data acquisition to the generation of actionable, geo-located maintenance alerts, thereby enhancing plant safety and operational efficiency. The methods employed involve a synergistic architecture that begins with a palette-invariant thermal embedding, learned by enforcing representational consistency, which is fused with a contrast-normalized RGB stream via a gated mechanism. This is supplemented by a closed-loop, adaptive re-acquisition controller that uses Rodrigues-based updates for targeted confirmation of ambiguous anomalies and a geospatial deduplication module that clusters redundant alerts using DBSCAN over the haversine distance. In conclusion, this study establishes a powerful new paradigm for proactive PV inspection, with the proposed system achieving a mean Average Precision (mAP@0.5) of 0.903 on the public PVF-10 benchmark, a significant 12-15% improvement over single-modality baselines. Field validation confirmed the system's readiness, achieving 96% recall, while the de-duplication process reduced duplicate-induced false positives by 15-20%, and relevance-only telemetry cut airborne data transmission by 60-70%.

翻译：本研究旨在开发一种智能集成框架，用于光伏（PV）基础设施的自动化巡检，以解决传统方法的关键缺陷，包括热成像调色板偏差、数据冗余和高通信带宽需求。本研究的目标是设计、开发并验证一个全面的多模态系统，实现从数据采集到生成可操作、地理定位的维护警报的完整监测工作流程自动化，从而提升电站安全性和运行效率。所采用的方法涉及一种协同架构：首先通过强制表征一致性学习得到调色板不变的热成像嵌入表示，随后通过门控机制将其与对比度归一化的RGB数据流进行融合。该架构辅以一个闭环自适应重采集控制器，利用基于罗德里格斯公式的更新对模糊异常进行针对性确认；以及一个地理空间去重模块，该模块基于半正矢距离使用DBSCAN算法对冗余警报进行聚类。综上所述，本研究为主动式光伏巡检建立了一个强大的新范式：所提系统在公开基准PVF-10上实现了0.903的平均精度均值（mAP@0.5），较单模态基线显著提升12-15%。现场验证证实了系统的实用性，其召回率达到96%；去重处理将重复导致的误报降低了15-20%；而仅传输相关数据的遥测策略将空中数据传输量减少了60-70%。